I’m not exaggerating when I say that pizza cooked in a fiercely hot clay oven is the best you will ever taste. Why are they better than pizzas cooked in the gas or electric oven in your home? It’s all about the heat! The oven in your home will reach a maximum temperature of around 250° C. A clay oven, fired for a few hours, will reach temperatures well in excess of 400° C and it’s this furnace-like heat that turns a thin circle of dough, topped with oil, meats and cheese, into an absolute gourmet treat! Pizzas cooked in a clay oven take no longer than 2 minutes to cook. They have thin, crisp and slightly charred bases while the toppings remain delicious and full of flavour. Is your mouth watering yet? Mine is! so lets get on with the main thrust of this post which, if you haven’t guessed already, is about making pizzas in a clay oven.
Firstly, if you want the best pizza ever you really need to buy the best ingredients you can get your hands on. Make sure you buy good quality flour, organic if possible. Dried yeast is perfectly adequate so don’t worry about trying to get hold of the fresh stuff. The toppings are crucial too so don’t scrimp and buy cheap ingredients – you don’t need masses, so splash out and treat yourself to quality. The following recipe is borrowed/copied from Dan Stevens, a chef from River Cottage HQ (Dan has recently written the River Cottage Bread Handbook which is due for release anytime soon I hope!).
Dough (this is enough to make at least 15 small pizzas)
250g strong white bread flour
250g plain flour
350ml warm water (room temperature)
5g dried yeast (10g of fresh)
10g fine salt
A glug of olive oil
Add all of the dry ingredients to a large mixing bowl and give it a quick mix. Next add the water and mix into a rough dough. Finally add the oil and squidge it well into the dough. Flour a surface and tip your dough out onto it – it’s time for kneading! You can use a electric mixer with a dough hook to do this if you prefer but I like to get working on the dough with my hands – it just seems right somehow! You will find that this dough is quite wet (sticky) compared to traditional bread dough.
A tip about kneading. There are lots of methods you can use for kneading dough but I like to use this one (again thanks Dan at River Cottage). Hold the dough ball to the surface of your table with the tips of your left hand. Then with the heel of your right hand placed in front of the fingers of your left, push the dough forward, stretching it along the surface top then, in a fluid motion, pull the dough back towards your stationary left hand. Rotate the ball and repeat. I normally knead for about 10 minutes or so. Lightly oil a large bowl, put the dough into it, cover with clingfilm and leave to rise until it is double the original size. That’s it – dough done!
Toppings
The choice of toppings is totally up to you but here are a few essentials as far as I am concerned:
- A mixture of olive oil, crushed garlic and herbs is, for my money, a much better pizza base topping than the traditional tomato sauce. Just drizzle or paint it over the surface of the dough before you add the rest of your toppings – it’s delicious!
- Grated cheese (mozzarella, Gruyere, Cheddar)
- Chunks of other cheeses (buffalo mozzarella, blue cheese)
- Mixed cured meats (spicy sausages like salami and chorizzo chopped or sliced, chunks of good organic ham)
- Roasted artichoke hearts
- Fresh basil
- I would have suggested anchovies to give that powerful salty, fishy blast but unfortunately anchovies stocks are in crisis due to over fishing so I no longer buy them – I suggest you do the same for the time being.
Other things you’ll need (ideally)
- A rolling pin
- A wooden chopping board
- A bakers peel (pretty much essential)
- A sharp knife
Making the pizzas
One of the best things about making pizzas outside using your own clay oven is building your own pizza – rolling out the dough, selecting various topping mixes from pots of delicious, fresh ingredients, sliding it onto a peel and finally into the hot oven. It is enormously rewarding and great fun so I always get everything ready outside then let friends and family make-up their own pizzas as they go – trust me everyone loves it! The process is simple:
- Make sure your oven is really hot. I normally fire mine for about 2 hours before cooking. Leave a fire burning at the rear of the oven and keep feeding this throughout the cooking period with extra wood. Scrape clear the floor of your oven. I normally push any embers to the back of my oven using the upside down blade of my bakers peel.
- Grab a small piece of dough and roll into a rough ball – about golf ball sized should do. I prefer to make smallish (maybe 7-8″ diameter) pizzas because they are much easier to handle in and out of the oven.
- Flour your rolling surface and rolling pin well but don’t over do it with flour. You need enough to stop it from sticking to the surface but too much and it burns on the base of the pizza once in the oven.
- Roll the dough out into a very thin disc (mine often come out in strange “country” shapes but it doesn’t matter). Add more flour if it sticks. Critically you want to ensure the base is NOT sticking to the surface because you will have all sorts of problems getting it onto your peel once the toppings are on otherwise.
- Paint or drizzle the base with the olive oil or traditional tomato topping.
- Throw on your toppings. Hint: don’t pile too much on your pizzas because toppings have a tendency to fly off when you slide the pizza from the peel into the oven!
- Slide the pizza onto your bakers peel – I find if you lightly dust it with flour first, then lift one edge of the pizza and with a quick, fluid movement pull it onto the peel. Practice makes perfect!
- Next you need to slide the pizza from the peel onto the hot floor of your oven. Again you might not get this right the first few times but persist and you’ll have it cracked!. The technique you need to master is “yanking” the peel from underneath the pizza - very much like pulling a tablecloth from underneath a fully laid table without breaking the plates or spilling the drinks!
- Let the pizza cook for about a minute – keeping a close eye on it. I normally then slide the peel underneath it, take it out of the oven and rotate it through 180° so that the side that was facing the open oven entrance is now facing the fire burning at the back of the oven and vice-versa. You might end up with a pizza burnt on one side if you fail to do this. Pop it back in for a little while longer until you are happy that it looks cooked.
- Slide the pizza out of the oven onto the peel then transfer onto a wooden chopping board. Slice and serve.
- Savour the best pizza ever and feel smug that you have created such a spectacular thing!
- Repeat until you and your guests can’t move for eating pizza.
I’d love to hear how you get on and maybe you can also share some of your own pizza recipe ideas.
Good luck and happy eating.









We have had a clay oven for over 6 years, we are using mark 2 at the moment, but it needs some restoration work, hence viewing your site for tips! We built ours mainly for pizzas, though have cooked bread & meat in them. I lived in Naples for 2 years as a child and was spoilt with the fab wood oven baked pizzas, there really is nothing to compare with pizzas cooked in this way!! One tip I have is to use semolina to roll out on it is much better for sliding the pizza dough around on and makes it really easy to slide the made pizza onto the paddle. Also if you have a breadmaker it makes fab pizza dough while you light the fire & test the wine!! For great tomato topping just whizz up a tin of tomatoes with dried oregano, olive oil & garlic in quantities to taste and spread really thinly onto your base, you should be able to see through the sauce to the dough & for authenticity use toppings sparingly and drizzle with olive oil before cooking, pizzas from Naples never have deep toppings !
Hi Nicky thanks so much for the comments. I will certainly look into buying some semolina flour for the next time I fire the oven up and make pizza. I was considering a breadmaker too but decided that I actually really enjoy the kneading process – I find it very relaxing! I am really hungry now thinking about those delicious Naples style pizzas you describe. A relative of mine is from Sicily. He, of course, prides himself on the pizzas he makes. The real acid test for my clay oven baked pizza came this summer when he came over to try them for himself. He loved them – in fact he ate about five!
Best of luck with the repairs.
Simon
Hi Simon,
Have finished our repairs last night, a lovely warm evening in Herefordshire, good job since I didn’t finish til 10.30!! Will be firing up tomorrow fingers crossed the repair holds. Forgot to say that if you add a little sugar to my sauce recipe with some salt & pepper it really improves the tomato flavour. My better half had a giggle over your ‘wear a hat’ advice, when we fire our oven he always loses all the hair on his forearms even when using the bakers peel!!
Glad to hear your Scilian friend enjoyed your pizzas, the wood smoke really makes authentic.
Best wishes
Nicky
Hi Simon
Many thanks for all your excellent blog – i followed your advice and managed to finish my oven a few weeks ago. I used it last week for the 1st time and the pizzas turned out well along with a roast chicken! I managed to take a few photos – http://www.flickr.com/photos/28599195@N02/?saved=1
all the best
Sel
Nice work Sel!
Hi
We’ve built our clay oven and had the most brilliant pizza last night – but the ovens outer layer has cracked in several places all the way through to the insulation layer.
Should we fill the cracks with the sand/clay mixture or crack and remove te top layer and do it again. The slip/wood shaving layer is intact.
Any suggestions MUCH appreciated.
Thank you
Hi Guys. Has it really cracked right the way through? If the slip layer is intact I don’t see how it could. My oven has large cracks in the outer layer when it heats up. If you have some mixture left you can wait for it to cool then fill them if you like. I leave mine now though. Basically the whole thing expands when it heats up. I’d be slightly worried if I had major cracks in the inner oven though. Are you sure you are not mistaking cracks for the natural pattern of lines that form on the inside of the oven which develop as a result of the building technique. I see these in my oven appearing as radial lines inside. I also have a few narrow vertical cracks but nothing too major. Take a few photos if you are worried and fire them over.
Best of luck
Simon
Just to let you know we are up and running on the oven. Cooked pizzas for 24 without any serious mishaps at the weekend. Still seem to learn something new each time we fire it up.
One definite tip is partially blocking the entrance to raise the temperature. Got the thermometer off the scale for the first time at the weekend which was a proud moment. Lots of comments about the anthill appearance but no complaints on the pizzas. Still not happy with the entrance but I’ll live with it for the moment. Thanks for a top guide.
http://www.flickr.com//16505461@N02/3503947639/
John
Nice work John. I’d say it looks rustic! Perfect. I might consider making the chimney a little taller but maybe you should stick with the “if it ain’t broke” principle?
I’d Just enjoy it for the summer now.
Simon
Hi!
They have DELICIOUS pizzas there! Mmmmm!!!
Wonderful project! Congrats!
I’ve never tried using the mix you suggested instead of the ordinary tomato sauce before the other toppings. I’ll try it!
If any of you is looking for a country where all (good) pizzerias have this kind of pizza, go to Brazil!
All the best and keep making pizzas!
Juliana
They are spectacularly delicious Juliana! Brazil sounds great..is that an open invitation?
Simon
Beautifully explained, really. Thanks a lot. I think I’ll be building one of these pretty soon.
I’d just like to add some ideas.
The nice taste of pizza baked in a wood oven is not based on the heat (the crust is, though): because of the scents the burned wood gives off, it kind of “smokes” or “cures” the pizza (so to speak). If you use different kinds of wood, it will change the taste of the pizza slightly. : )
Instead of using a metal base, as Jack said, what they do in Brazilian pizzerias (well, in the one pizzeria I went to where I could really look) is using a metal sheet (aluminium or stainless steel, I’d guess) with slightly raised borders. That way you can keep the pizza off the floor of the oven and use the bakers peel.
One question: doesn’t it smoke a lot? Would adding some kind of longer chimney help with that, or not? I mean, like an iron tube or something like that.
If you added a door with a hole in it, would it make the oven heat up faster or would it just put the fire out?
I want to bake the pizza with the wood burning in the oven, not only on the heat left over. How long would it take for the oven to be ready, heat-wise, you would say?
Hi Thiago thanks for the kind comments and the advice.
Your question responses:
1. The ovens do not smoke much at all really. In fact, when running at full temperature you hardly get any smoke at all.
2. You need the chimney and front open fully in order to fire the oven otherwise, you are correct, the fire will be extinguished due to the lack of oxygen. Once at temperature though you can block the entrance in order to prolong the length of time it stays hot for.
3. It takes about 2 hours or so to heat to around 450 degrees centigrade. I always keep a small fire burning at the rear of the oven to keep the temperature nice n hot and constant while I cook pizzas.
Good luck with your build
Simon
Simon